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Zhao Zikui Li Youheng Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology Academia Sinica 《古脊椎动物学报》1987,(4)
<正> Enamel ultrastructures in the molar teeth of the giant panda, including Ailuropoda microta of the Early Pleistocene, Ailuropoda melanoleuca bacont of the Middle and Late Pleistocene and a living form, Ailuropoda rnelanoleuca, have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Transverse and longitudinal sections of enamel were made in order co evaluate shape, size and arrangement of the prisms. The sections were etched then with 0.074 M H_3PO_4 for 30-60 sec. Our investigations have shown certain features of the enamel which allow us to recognize differences among Ailuropoda on the basis of examination of large areas of the enamel. The results are summarized below. 相似文献
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大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanolenca)显带染色体的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
大熊猫系我国特产的世界珍稀动物,素有“活化石”和“国宝”之称。限于材料来源,虽有核型的少数报道(邓承宗等,1980;陈文元等,1984;Newnham et al.,1966),但研究尚不够深入。1980年,Wurster-Hill和Bush首先报道了大熊猫()的显带核型,并与杂交熊等比较,探讨了大熊猫的分类地位。本文对四只大熊猫的G带、C带核型和Ag-NORs作了分析,绘制了G带核型模式图,并提出了某些商榷的意见。 相似文献
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Tetsuo Hashimoto Eiko Otaka Jun Adachi Keiko Mizuta Masami Hasegawa 《Journal of molecular evolution》1993,36(3):282-289
Summary Using - and -hemoglobin sequences, we made a maximum likelihood inference as to the phylogenetic relationship among carnivores, including the two pandas, giant and lesser. Molecular phylogenetic studies up to 1985 had consistently indicated that the giant panda is more closely related to the bear than to the lesser panda. In 1986, however, a contradictory tree was constructed, using hemoglobins and so on, in which the two pandas link together (Tagle et al. 1986). In contrast to that tree, our conclusion supports the close relationship between bear and giant panda. The surface impression of a close relationship between the two pandas drawn from pairwise amino acid differences is explained by a rapid rate of hemoglobin evolution in the bear compared to that in the two pandas.Offprint requests to: T. Hashimoto 相似文献
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应用RAPD技术对大熊猫分类地位的探讨 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15
采用PCR和Southern杂交等方法对大熊猫与小熊猫、马来熊、浣熊等共有的一条1.3kb的RAPD产物片段进行了初步分析。研究结果显示,来自于大熊猫的此共有片段可能为一重复序列,并且其内部含有多个随机引物AB1-08的结合位点。以此来自于大熊猫的1.3kb片段为探针进行杂交,发现马来熊RAPD产物中的对应片段显示了很高的同源性,而小熊猫和浣熊RAPD产物则无相应的杂交带。这暗示,从分类地位上来看,大熊猫与熊科马来熊的亲缘关系应更近于与小熊猫和浣熊的亲缘关系,应与马来熊一样划分为熊科。本研究为大熊猫分类地位的确定提供了又一分子生物学证据 相似文献
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Tiejun Wang Xinping Ye Andrew K. Skidmore Albertus G. Toxopeus 《Journal of Biogeography》2010,37(5):865-878
Aim To examine the effects of forest fragmentation on the distribution of the entire wild giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) population, and to propose a modelling approach for monitoring the spatial distribution and habitat of pandas at the landscape scale using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro‐radiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) time‐series data. Location Five mountain ranges in south‐western China (Qinling, Minshan, Qionglai, Xiangling and Liangshan). Methods Giant panda pseudo‐absence data were generated from data on panda occurrences obtained from the third national giant panda survey. To quantify the fragmentation of forests, 26 fragmentation metrics were derived from 16‐day composite MODIS 250‐m EVI multi‐temporal data and eight of these metrics were selected following factor analysis. The differences between panda presence and panda absence were examined by applying significance testing. A forward stepwise logistic regression was then applied to explore the relationship between panda distribution and forest fragmentation. Results Forest patch size, edge density and patch aggregation were found to have significant roles in determining the distribution of pandas. Patches of dense forest occupied by giant pandas were significantly larger, closer together and more contiguous than patches where giant pandas were not recorded. Forest fragmentation is least in the Qinling Mountains, while the Xiangling and Liangshan regions have most fragmentation. Using the selected landscape metrics, the logistic regression model predicted the distribution of giant pandas with an overall accuracy of 72.5% (κ = 0.45). However, when a knowledge‐based control for elevation and slope was applied to the regression, the overall accuracy of the model improved to 77.6% (κ = 0.55). Main conclusions Giant pandas appear sensitive to patch size and isolation effects associated with fragmentation of dense forest, implying that the design of effective conservation areas for wild giant pandas must include large and dense forest patches that are adjacent to other similar patches. The approach developed here is applicable for analysing the spatial distribution of the giant panda from multi‐temporal MODIS 250‐m EVI data and landscape metrics at the landscape scale. 相似文献
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了解动物栖息地和空间利用模式是开展野生动物放归自然的重要前提。为明确野化培训大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)在野外环境中生境利用特征和空间格局,本文以2只野化培训大熊猫为研究对象,基于其野外GPS项圈数据,通过数字高程模型(DEM)、动物移动模块等工具分析其在野外环境中栖息地利用状况。结果表明:随着在野外环境时间的增加,2只大熊猫由低海拔西南坡的阔叶林逐渐向高海拔南坡针阔混交林区域移动,且坡度利用也存在明显的差异,但均偏向在17°~20°的平缓区域活动。在野外环境的最初一个月,2只大熊猫平均日移动距离较大,之后逐渐减小并趋于稳定。2只野化培训大熊猫在野外环境初期,活动区域大小随时间的变化而呈现出无规律的变化趋势,活动区域主要集中在3~4个栖息地斑块,且斑块间面积和距离各异。因此,认为野化培训大熊猫在野外栖息地环境初期属于不稳定的随机选择模式。 相似文献
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